Create bulk mailboxes in Exchange Server with PowerShell

In a previous article, we installed Exchange Server. It’s the first Exchange Server in the organization, which means that there are no mailboxes configured. Therefore, we need to create mailboxes for the existing users in the AD. In this article, you will learn how to create bulk mailboxes in Exchange Server with PowerShell.

Empty mailboxes area

After installing Exchange Server, we like to have a look in the mailboxes area. Sign in to Exchange Admin Center and navigate to recipients and click mailboxes. The mailboxes area is almost empty, except one mailbox is showing. That’s the account that we used for installing Exchange Server 2016.

We can create mailboxes in Exchange Admin Center by clicking the + icon and following the wizard. For a couple of users, that would be great. What if you have more than a thousand users? The answer is, bulk create mailboxes in Exchange Server with PowerShell.

Create mailbox for existing user

Run Exchange Management Shell as administrator. Verify that the user is in AD with the Get-User cmdlet. After that, make use of the Enable-Mailbox cmdlet to create a mailbox for the user in AD. If you have more than one database, it will automatically find a healthy database and creates the mailbox.

[PS] C:\>Get-User -Identity "Sebastian Lambert"

Name              RecipientType
----              -------------
Sebastian Lambert User


[PS] C:\>Get-user "Sebastian Lambert" | Enable-Mailbox

Name                      Alias                ServerName       ProhibitSendQuota
----                      -----                ----------       -----------------
Sebastian Lambert         Sebastian.Lambert    ex01-2016        Unlimited

We like to create a mailbox for an existing user in AD, but the mailbox needs to be created in a specific database. In our organization, we have two databases configured in Exchange.

Let’s create a new mailbox for the existing user in DB02. We are going to make use of the -Database parameter.

[PS] C:\>Get-User -Identity "Jasmine Turner"

Name           RecipientType
----           -------------
Jasmine Turner User


[PS] C:\>Get-User -Identity "Jasmine Turner" | Enable-Mailbox -Database "DB02" 

Name                      Alias                ServerName       ProhibitSendQuota
----                      -----                ----------       -----------------
Jasmine Turner            Jasmine.Turner       ex01-2016        Unlimited

The mailbox is successfully created. Have a look at EAC in the mailboxes area. Click the refresh icon, and two new mailboxes show up.

What if we need to enable a thousand mailboxes for existing users in AD?

Create bulk mailboxes for existing users in AD OU

We like to bulk create mailboxes for existing users based on OU. The users in the OU Finance are going to need a mailbox. First, let’s find the distinguished name of the Organizational Unit with PowerShell.

[PS] C:\>Get-ADOrganizationalUnit -Properties CanonicalName -Filter *| Sort-Object CanonicalName | Format-Table CanonicalName, DistinguishedName

CanonicalName                                    DistinguishedName
-------------                                    -----------------
exoip.local/Company                              OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Exchange                     OU=Exchange,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Exchange/Distribution Groups OU=Distribution Groups,OU=Exchange,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Exchange/Security Groups     OU=Security Groups,OU=Exchange,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Exchange/SharedMailbox       OU=SharedMailbox,OU=Exchange,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Groups                       OU=Groups,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Servers                      OU=Servers,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Servers/Exchange             OU=Exchange,OU=Servers,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Users                        OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Users/Finance                OU=Finance,OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Users/HR                     OU=HR,OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Users/IT                     OU=IT,OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Company/Users/Sales                  OU=Sales,OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Domain Controllers                   OU=Domain Controllers,DC=exoip,DC=local
exoip.local/Microsoft Exchange Security Groups   OU=Microsoft Exchange Security Groups,DC=exoip,DC=local

Copy the Distinguished Name value and paste it in the next command. Verify that the users are showing, after that enable the mailbox for the users in the OU Finance.

[PS] C:\>Get-User -OrganizationalUnit "OU=Finance,OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local"

Name            RecipientType
----            -------------
Jack Slater     User
David Wallace   User
Lillian Ellison User
Benjamin Watson User
Charles Lewis   User
Vanessa Sharp   User
Lauren Terry    User

[PS] C:\>Get-User -OrganizationalUnit "OU=Finance,OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local" | Enable-Mailbox

Name                      Alias                ServerName       ProhibitSendQuota
----                      -----                ----------       -----------------
Jack Slater               Jack.Slater          ex01-2016        Unlimited
David Wallace             David.Wallace        ex01-2016        Unlimited
Lillian Ellison           Lillian.Ellison      ex01-2016        Unlimited
Benjamin Watson           Benjamin.Watson      ex01-2016        Unlimited
Charles Lewis             Charles.Lewis        ex01-2016        Unlimited
Vanessa Sharp             Vanessa.Sharp        ex01-2016        Unlimited
Lauren Terry              Lauren.Terry         ex01-2016        Unlimited

The mailboxes for the users in OU Finance are created, that’s great. We are going to confirm that in EAC by clicking the refresh icon.

Create bulk mailboxes from text file

What if you like to bulk create mailboxes for selected users? Let’s say that only seven users of the IT OU need to get a mailbox, but the IT department contains fifty users.

First, let’s get a list of users in the OU (in our example, we will only output ten users). After that, export the AD users from the given OU to a text file.

[PS] C:\>Get-ADUser -ResultSetSize $Null -filter * -SearchBase "OU=IT,OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local" | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
Amy Pullman
Deirdre Gray
Kevin Glover
Ryan Carr
Sam MacDonald
Katherine Peters
Irene Alsop
Faith Dowd
Stephanie Underwood
Amanda Clarkson

[PS] C:\>Get-ADUser -ResultSetSize $Null -filter * -SearchBase "OU=IT,OU=Users,OU=Company,DC=exoip,DC=local" | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name | Out-File "C:\export_users.txt" -Encoding UTF8

Find the text file in the exported path. The text file contains 50 users.

Edit the list by removing or adding extra users to it. Now it contains seven users. Save the text file as import_users in the C:\ drive.

Now let’s bulk create mailboxes for the users in the text file.

[PS] C:\>Get-Content "C:\import_users.txt" | Enable-Mailbox

Name                      Alias                ServerName       ProhibitSendQuota
----                      -----                ----------       -----------------
Piers Bower               Piers.Bower          ex01-2016        Unlimited
Kylie Davidson            Kylie.Davidson       ex01-2016        Unlimited
Richard Grant             Richard.Grant        ex01-2016        Unlimited
Leonard Clark             Leonard.Clark        ex01-2016        Unlimited
Ruth Dickens              Ruth.dickens         ex01-2016        Unlimited
Grace Rees                Grace.Rees           ex01-2016        Unlimited
Max Fraser                Max.Fraser           ex01-2016        Unlimited

Mailboxes from the text file are created, that’s fantastic. Let’s have a look at EAC. Click the refresh icon.

The mailboxes are showing in EAC. I hope that this helped you to bulk create new mailboxes for existing users in AD. It’s faster when you do it with PowerShell.

Keep reading: Bulk move AD users to another OU with PowerShell »

Conclusion

You learned how to create bulk mailboxes in Exchange Server with PowerShell. If there is a small group that you need to create a mailbox for, you can do it in Exchange Admin Center (EAC). On the other hand, if you have many users who need a mailbox, bulk create new mailboxes with PowerShell to save time.

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